BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic index (CMI), calculated as a product of waist-to-height ratio and triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, is a new index for discriminating diabetes mellitus. Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are prone to have other atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and stroke. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between CMI and indicators of atherosclerotic progression in patients with PAD.
METHODS: The subjects were 63 outpatients with PAD. Relationships of CMI with variables related to atherosclerotic progression were investigated using multivariate linear regression analysis and analysis of covariance with adjustment for age, sex and histories of smoking and alcohol drinking.
RESULTS: Log-transformed CMI was significantly correlated with mean intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT) (standardized regression coefficient: 0.350, p < 0.01) and % decrease in ankle-brachial systolic pressure index (ABI) after treadmill exercise (standardized regression coefficient: 0.365, p < 0.01). Mean IMT and % decrease in ABI by treadmill exercise were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the group of the 3rd tertile for CMI than in the group of its 1st tertile (mean +/- SE: mean IMT (mm), 0.94 +/- 0.06 (1st tertile) vs. 0.94 +/- 0.06 (2nd tertile) vs. 1.19 +/- 0.06 (3rd tertile); % decrease in ABI, 14.1 +/- 3.4 [1st tertile] vs. 26.0 +/- 3.5 [2nd tertile] vs. 30.0 +/- 3.5 [3rd tertile]).
CONCLUSION: CMI was shown to be associated with the degrees of atherosclerosis in the common carotid artery and ischemia in leg arteries and is therefore a useful discriminator of atherosclerotic progression in patients with PAD.
BACKGROUND: Patients with type 2 diabetes are prone to have obesity and dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of cardiometabolic index (CMI), a new index calculated as the product of waist-to-height ratio and triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, for discrimination of diabetes.
METHODS: Subjects were 10,196 Japanese women and men who had received annual health checkups at their workplaces. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to determine relationships of CMI with hyperglycemia and diabetes.
RESULTS: In women and men, hemoglobin A1c was significantly higher in the highest quartile of CMI than in the other lower quartiles. By using ROC analysis, the cutoff values of CMI for hyperglycemia and diabetes were determined to be 0.799 and 0.800, respectively, in women and to be 1.625 and 1.748, respectively, in men. When these cutoff values were used in logistic regression analysis, there were strong associations of CMI with hyperglycemia and diabetes in women and men (odds ratio with 95% confidence interval of subjects with vs. subjects without high CMI: 6.98 [4.68-10.42] for hyperglycemia and 14.61 [5.95-35.88] for diabetes in women; 4.42 [3.66-5.35] for hyperglycemia and 5.38 [3.89-7.44] for diabetes in men).
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that CMI is a useful new index, reflecting both adiposity and blood lipids, for discrimination of diabetes.